Campaign of Underground Workers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Campaign of Underground Workers - Essay Example According to Kaufman (2004), industrial relations have three faces which include science building, problem solving and the ethical face. Science building involves understanding the employment relationship and its institutions. Problem solving entails designing policies to and institutions so as to enhance the relationship while ethical face is concerned with the principles of employment relationship. In any relationship, there are bound to be conflicts hence in the employment relationship, conflicts are inevitable and it is the role of management to devise ways of ensuring they are dealt with in an appropriate manner to avoid consequences such as strikes and lock-outs. There are three management perspectives regarding conflicts in organizations. The unitarist perspective views conflict as irrational and illegitimate hence does not recognize the role of unions. The pluralist perspective recognizes the existence of different interests among stakeholders hence conflict is inevitable. Th e radicalist perspective, on the other hand, is f the view that conflict in organizations is as a result of inequalities in income and wealth distribution hence recognizes different forms of eliminating or reducing conflict (Kaufman, 2004). The system of management thus determines the king of employment relationship in the workplace; some organizations are unionisable while others prefer a direct relationship with employees as it is a management prerogative. Poor industrial relations can lead to industrial action in the form of strikes, lock-outs, walkouts among others and may hinder organization efficiency and productivity. The paper will discuss the effect of strike action on employment relationship with reference to London underground workers campaigns during the 1990s. To understand industrial relations in Britain and the effects of strike actions on employment relationship, it is important to understand the historical evolution of industrial relations in Britain. Edward (2003a) acknowledges that industrial relations in Britain began as early as 1920s followed by personnel management practices and later human resource management in 1980s. The IR thus has undergone various transformations shaped by social, political and economic factors. British IR was voluntarism in nature guided by free-market principles; an organization can decide to unionize staff though collective organizations and uniting in strike action was regarded as a restraint to the free market therefore, those found guilty of conspiracy were liable to fines, imprisonment, and deportation (Hyman, 2003). Contrary to practices in other countries, in Britain there was no right to strike or to organize in an attempt to make demands to the management, only immunities were available in some areas. The immunities were also contradictory in nature as they gave employees power which in reality was limited by equal entitlements to the employer. For example, employees were free to join unions but the mana gement was also free to dismiss anyone for joining the union. Collective bargaining was allowed but the management had the discretion to decide which issues to negotiate and which ones to refuse. The employees were also in breach of their employment contracts if they engaged in strike action but at the same time, it was lawful to call a strike. The employers were also reluctant and unwilling to

Project Management Institute Essay Example for Free

Project Management Institute Essay The main motive of the Project Management Institute is to make the project management indispensable for the generation of the ultimate business results. PMI functions in over 170 countries having members more than 265000 at their advantage, thus making it as a leading membership association for the profession of project management. It is one among the best not-for-profit and non-political organization which conducts programs with the governments, industries and organizations to deliver the best project management programs with the best results. PMI education foundation speaks on the knowledge gaining and portraying the skills and the art for educational and social welfare. PMI also promotes research and providing avenues for building up wealth of information and also indulging in offering certification, networking and activities involving the community at large, thus managing to attain its global presence and global certification in their noble profession. Scope of its Membership: Becoming a member of the PMI institute gives an opportunity for the members to get themselves certified as a professional imparting and demonstrating the skills required thereby helping themselves in standing out in the crowd. To become a member PMI has varied plans suiting the different segments based on their needs where in there are plans for an individual – for those willing to learn and update the best practices in businesses, student – those having degree program at a recognized institute, retiree – having retired from active employment and has a good reputation for 5 consecutive years and those interested in renewing their memberships (renewal). The various benefits which the memberships provide include the vast knowledge sharing and information search happening in generating the opportunities for themselves and the institute. It gives immense openings for capturing on the capability of getting them networked through the different PMI communities there by getting nurtured with respect to the leadership qualities and being an active participants as volunteers in the various communities, certification programs, research programs, standard programs etc. The members also have scope of getting accessed to the knowledge resources of PMI known as the Project Management Body of Knowledge and also their career frameworks. Along with this opportunity which the members can acquire, they also have an edge over non-members in terms of getting access to the various publications, journals, e-links, virtual library, eReads and References which are set by PMI. The reason one should join PMI is to allow them to be build relationships, improvise on once skills, gain the latest and the first hand information and learn some of the best known practices. Memberships in PMI showcase certain features and characteristics to the peers which indicate their enthusiasm in quality, productivity and return on investments, their seriousness about their own individual development and their own profession and finally their commitment to the ethical business practices shown by the institute. The services which PMI provides to its members – With respect to the career development provided to the members of PMI, the association helps in availing the Certification and the Credentials, providing an extensive job search database which is availed by Career Headquarters at PMI, Making themselves groomed by undertaking various Training and Events happening by seminar worlds, to e-learning initiatives and providing the ultimate solution to the best practices and opportunities in the field of learning and in turn meeting up to the schedules, goals and the interests of the institution. PMI also guides the members in customer services, flexibility in changing and viewing orders, information on payment, pricing and promotions opportunities, shipping and handling assistance, privacy and security all under one umbrella known best for its marketplace. PMI has a strong Business Solutions concept which keeps the members get going by the challenges they have in career framework, Business and Government solutions on a global front to build up the institution on a worldwide basis and providing Organizational maturity in terms of managing the projects, programs and portfolios to generate and plan for its growth. This PMI provides project management implementation and consultancy services to their members and customers by providing added benefits in terms of the latest releases, news archives, articles of interests etc. The five major groups which PMI builds upon its profession are Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling and closing phases and the various knowledge areas which they address to are integration, scope, time, cost, quality, human resources, communications, risk management and procurement.

The New Trend in Advertising :: Free Essays Online

The New Trend in Advertising Advertising may have finally found the only medium that can reach the right person with the right message at the right time. What is this groundbreaking medium? As a relatively young medium that’s shaking up the advertising world, the Internet is now considered a way to advertise to mass markets. According to Business Week’s article †The Online Ad Surge,† online advertising only accounts for 4.3% of advertising in the United States, yet the Internet accounts for more than 14% of the country’s media time. With predictions of $9.3 billion in online advertising spending this year, companies are beginning to recognize the Internet as a practicable advertising medium. This essay will provide a summary of â€Å"The Online Ad Surge† and an evaluation of the article. Article Summary Internet advertising has undergone a dramatic change in recent years. Online ads have moved from text-only to flashy, full-motion videos. Jupiter Research analyst Gary Stein states, â€Å"A few years ago, it was kids with green hair selling ads, now Internet ads are mainstream, and part of every company’s media buy.† Although online ads aren’t going to overtake the traditional advertising mediums, the segment is growing at a rate of 7.7% a year. Within the next two years, analysts predict online advertising will be worth nearly $14 billion and will surpass the magazine industry. Online ads offer companies the ability to track every click consumers make through a website and offer the ability to immediately measure an ad’s effectiveness. Other mediums, such as television are feeling the pressure to be more accountable. Until recently, television ratings were never available in real time; however, Nielsen Media Research has implemented technology that allows for minute-by-minute feedback in selected local television markets. Online advertisers are beginning to bundle slots across the media mix. According to the article, â€Å"CNN†¦sold pricey sponsorships for Election Day coverage to companies, such as Samsung and DHL. The condition? Sponsors had to advertise on TV and the Web.† Linking several mediums together benefits both parties involved as components of the media mix can compliment each other. The rush to online advertising has created several problems for companies. The surge in ads has led to clutter, which includes instant messaging ads targeted to the youth market. Another problem is the shortage of available advertising slots.

Kraft and Cadbury Merger Essay

What is the role of the government in this merger? What is the impact on the shareholders, what are their thoughts about it and is it a successful merger or not. Other than Kraft and Cadbury four aspects of doing business internationally has been discussed and their influence in an international business career. 1. 1 How and why Kraft identified Cadbury as a potential partner? On 19th January 2010 Kraft the American Giant, acquired Cadbury the most popular and one of the most selling brand in chocolates for $11. 5bn. The reason for Kraft to identify Cadbury as its potential partner and even after Cadbury rejected its first bid on 7th September 2009, and then came up with a higher bid, was that Kraft wanted to bring in the most loved British Chocolates to USA, because the chocolates that America produces are only loved by American’s and are not so loved around the world, while they targeted the British company because they make better chocolates plus they wanted to get into the British market and to get into the British market remaining into the food industry they could not identify a better option than acquiring Cadbury by merging these two companies one they capture the British market of dairy food plus they introduce their products into Britain and the Cadbury products into USA having the plus points of both cultures. Expected benefits Kraft is the second largest Food beverage company in the world, which produced revenue of 49. billion USD in the year 2010 (Kraftfoodscompany, (2011) and is operating in more than 150 counties worldwide and has an Employee number of around 100,000. Where as Cadbury on the other hand is the second largest Confectionary Company in the world, which produced revenue of 5. 38 billion USD in the year 2008 (Cadbury annual report, 2008) and has a very strong hold in Asia Pacific and Latin America and has an Employee number of around 70,000. When these two giants combine, one American Giant and other British Giant, they both can conquer the food industry if they both are managed well. In 2010 Kraft already made revenue increase of 0. 7 billion USD from 2008 to 2010 after the take over of Cadbury (CNN, 2011). Kraft and Cadbury can both work very well and can avail a lot of benefits from each other provided that both them work together, because Kraft has its own management too large in scale and Cadbury as well. 1. 3 Synergies for both companies involved? After the merger of Kraft and Cadbury, both companies are expected to have revenue synergies and have an increase of the net revenue of up to 5% or more. They are targeting the long-term output for it. Which as a result will increase the net revenue. The combined company (Kraft and Cadbury) is targeting to increase their per share cost in 2011 of approximately $0. 05 and on the basis of cash. These two companies combined can make a lot of revenue. Parliament publication, 2012) Other than that Cadbury has other channels of gaining revenue like gas filling stations, corner shops which are well being forced by Cadbury and on the other hand Kraft has a strong hold on supermarkets and groceries. As they are merged now the overall distribution will be higher for Kraft and Cadbury and their revenue will increase. Both of the companies has opposite markets that they have captured for Cadbury they have a large influence in Asia, Africa, Mexico and Turkey and for Kraft they have more influence in Brazil and China. By combining together they both can capture almost every market around the globe. The total value of the British chocolate confectionery sector amounts to approximately EUR 3. 9 billion. In the UK, the parties’ activities overlap only in the markets of tablets and pralines. Kraft is active in tablets and pralines mainly with its brands Milka, Toblerone and Terry’s chocolate Orange, and Cadbury with its brands Dairy Milk, Roses and Green & Black. (http://ec. europa. eu/competition/mergers/cases/decisions/m5644_20100106_20212_en. pdf page 9 ) (Kraft Foods Official 2011 Report) 1. 4 The risks associated with the choice of acquisition as an approach to this particular ‘partnership’ The first and last risk which is associated with this particular partnership is of keeping their word. The official position of the Fairtrade Foundation is the following: â€Å"The Fairtrade Foundation is very proud of our relationship with Cadbury, and what we have achieved together, including the conversion of Cadbury Dairy Milk to Fairtrade in the UK and Ireland in 2009, now being extended to three other international markets – Canada, Australia and New Zealand. This has had a tremendously positive public response, and is delivering major benefits to cocoa farmers in Ghana, quadrupling the amount they are able to sell on Fairtrade terms in 2010, compared to 2008. The Fairtrade Foundation and Cadbury have a shared vision for the future, and there are contractual commitments in place, which will form part of any intellectual property transfer between Cadbury and Kraft in any takeover. We believe that the progress we have made together in strengthening cocoa farmers to deliver long term sustainability of the cocoa supply chain, along with a fast growing level of consumer demand for Fairtrade products, not just in the UK but globally, present a unique and compelling case for continuing to pursue the Cadbury commitment to their Cocoa Partnership and to Fairtrade, and taking it even further in coming months and years. † Treehugger, 2012) According to the Official Statement, they will perform Fairtrade for both the companies and Kraft confirmed that it would uphold Cadbury’s commitments to Fairtrade which were that: †¢ Dairy Milk will continue to be Fairtrade in the UK and Northern Ireland and in three more markets, Canada, Australia and New Zealand by early 2010; †¢ Green & Black’s (which is owned by Cadbury) will move its entire range to Fairtrade by the end of 2011. (http://www. publications. parliament. uk/pa/cm200910/cmselect/cmbis/234/234. df ) But no one is quiet happy with the outcome of the merger. Because Kraft did not really act upon what they stated to do before the merger, expression of the former first Minister of Scotland Jack McConnell asked Kraft in the Scottish Parliament to Honour the Fairtrade Part of the deal, he said â€Å"There have been concerns expressed for many years that Kraft has never shown any enthusiasm for fair trade and therefore this must be under threat as a result of the takeover. † (Treehugger, 2012). Warren Buffett isn’t too keen now either. Discussing the CEO of Kraft, he said â€Å"She thinks this is a good deal, I think it’s a bad deal. † Mind you, he is probably not worrying about the fairtrade aspect. Cadbury’s 6,000 UK workers are also worried, because it is a hi risk for the workers to now work at Cadbury under the American Management which has already influenced the Cadbury management. 1. 5 Feasible alternative? The most feasible alternative to Kraft for Cadbury was Hershey Chocolates, which is also an American Chocolate brand. In 2009 before the hostile takeover of Cadbury by Kraft, Cadbury talked to Hershey personal to include themselves in the bid so they can recommend Hershey over Kraft to its shareholders and are taken over by Hershey, but unfortunately Hershey did not want to be the part of the bidding war over Cadbury with Kraft because Hershey is its self weighing up. Even for Kraft Hershey was a good alternative over Cadbury because both are American Companies and would understand eachother easily rather than taking over a company is a completely different region, Ferrero maker of Rocher chocolate and Nutella is also a very good alternative for Cadbury but at the time of bid according to Trevor Datson the spokesperson for Cadbury said the company had no comment. No one at Ferrero was immediately available for comment. Involvement of National and corporate cultures Neither is the Nation nor the Corporate section is happy with the merger of the both companies, because for public there is a fear of cutting off more than 6000 jobs is Britian and more than 46,000 globally so people working at Cadbury are really afraid to work at it and other than employees the Corporate personal are also in fear of that the world leading brands like Dairy Milk, Flake and Wipsa are at risk with this merger and the shareholder are also not very happy with the $11. 5 bn deal. Critical Evaluation of both the companies about this Partnership Both of the companies had their own management and their own way of doing business around the world. As Kraft is majorly dairy products maker and is being loved by that around the world. Where as Cadbury is also a very well known name in the chocolate industry, because a lot of people in United Kingdom and at other major parts of the world such as Asia and Africa Cadbury is really loved for chocolate. As through the analysis this is a very hostile takeover i. e. , between Kraft and Cadbury, after taking over Cadbury Kraft accepted some of the points that they will do and keep is at it is and after that takeover they did not manage to fulfill those commitments which lead to misunderstanding between these two companies after their merger. As Kraft agreed that they will stick to Faretrade organization and to keep the same cocoa supplier as Cadbury had before and before the merger Cadbury was to close one of their plants but after merger Kraft did not do so and now they are facing these problems which are not very good in the long run for both of the companies. Involvement Of the Government In this hostile takeover not just the employees and shareholders but also the government, had and also has issues with this mergers. With the merger of Kraft Foods and Cadbury a number of important issues have bin highlighted in the way through which the foreign takeovers of UK companies are conducted.

ELL Schools and Families Essay

The population of English Language Learners (ELL) are increasing in educational institutions primarily influenced by globalization and immigration. It has been projected that within the coming years, the percentage of children attending educational institutions in the country shall be non-English speakers. The term ELL is brought about by the shift in the English language-learning paradigm that represents the trend in language acquisition. (Bank Street) The increasing population of ELL’s are putting pressures on the educational atmosphere as educational institutions are forced to alter their curriculum to accommodate the needs and concerns of the learners. (Abedi, 2002) Integrating a program for ELL’s in the school setting is a great challenge for the educational institution, the teacher, the learner, and one’s family. Teaching non-English speakers who are not able to both understand and speak the language is more difficult than teaching English speakers the rules of the language are, for instance. Challenges include the need for educational institutions to implement a curriculum that fits the requirements of the ELL’s. Teachers, on the other hand need to be aware of the appropriate techniques and strategies that would be efficient in the success of language accommodation and acculturation. For learners, engaging in an unfamiliar environment is not motivating them to eagerly learn. (Mercuri, 2003) To address the problems and concerns that ELL’s face in the learning environment, society looks to the involvement of the family in order to strengthen the school as an institution that fully supports English language learners. (Collier & Thomas, 1999) Family involvement play a significant role during the learning process of ELL’s. According to a research conducted in order to determine guidelines that the No Child Left Behind Act shall implement, the involvement of family members to school activities such as programs that aims to promote development of academic standing and preparation for the next level of English language learning increases the chance of successes that a learner shall be able to accomplish. This is because families understand the needs and the difficulties of their children, and are also able to see their progress with regards to academics, pushing them to encourage, support, and value learning as an integral part of their children’s success. (Epstein, 2004) Moreover, it is the responsibility of the school to build a relationship with the family of the learner in order to inform them of the developmental stages and the changes that the children are going to experience, as they grow older. This particular knowledge gives families the idea of how to build a supportive home environment that boosts learning. This particular interaction between the school and the family allows the educational institution to understand the cultural background of families and determine their goals and objectives for their children when it comes to English language learning. (Epstein, 2004) Providing a supportive sociocultural environment is at the heart of tapping into the potential of ELL’s to benefit largely from the English language learning program. Interaction between the educational institution and the families contributes to this objective. Looking at their parents interact with the members of the educational institution motivates learners to build relationships with the institution as well, without any apprehensions as brought about by fear of cultural rejection. (Collier & Thomas, 1999) An article written by Rhona Barton for the Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory discovers cases wherein active involvement of parents leads to academic success of the learners, especially in socially interacting within the school environment. (Barton, 2006) Educational institutions with English language learning programs do not necessarily implement the use of the English language at home, as decisions regarding the matter are based on cultural considerations. Schools should consider the importance of native language to ELL’s and their families. However, the continued use of English at home and the support of the family when it comes to home language speeds up the learning process, schools still acknowledge that the ELL’s are aware of language learning based on their knowledge of their native language. (Ortiz, 2001) Schools should also provide alternatives for families in order for them to adjust or cope with the changes that ELL affects within their family life. Schools should inform them of educational options such as tutorial services that are made available at home or in schools, support groups within the community that assists families in their needs and concerns regarding the issue of English language learning. Family counseling is also an option as it allows medical professionals to help in determining problems or obstacles that the family shall be facing, and strengthening family relationships in order to withstand the challenges of immersing into a community and cultural environment that they are not familiar with. For specific problems such as financial aspect of English language learning, the federal government entitles families to funding as authorized by the federal Title I funding program. (Ortiz, 2001) Partnership of educational institutions with families are best established through communication and social interaction. Schools should be able to develop and maintain a stable relationship with the families that is primarily grounded on the objective of affecting learning and making ELL’s experience success within the unfamiliar learning environment. Moreover, through this, schools are enriched and enlightened with the knowledge of different cultural backgrounds within the school environment and be able to modify the learning atmosphere to fit the culture, beliefs, and traditions of non-English speakers. Teachers should be able to communicate the needs and concerns of ELL’s to their families, in order for them to understand how they are going accommodate the needs of their children who are involved in English language learning. Schools should establish regular meetings with the teachers, and ask them to get involved with programs and school activities that harness English language learning and support the need of their children to learn the English language. If possible, home visitations are one of the best ways to establish a strong foundation of relationship between the school and the families. (Barton, 2006) References Abedia, J. (2002). â€Å"Assessment and Accommodation of English Language: Issues, Concerns, and Recommendations. † Retrieved May 1, 2008, from NCA Commission on Accreditation and School Improvement. Website: http://www. ncacasi. org/jsi/2002v3i1/assessment Bank Street. (2008). â€Å"English Language Learners: Working with Children Whom English is a New Language. † Retrieved May 1, 2008, from Bank Street. Website: http://www. bnkst. edu/literacyguide/ell. html Barton, R. (2006). â€Å"Forging Family Ties. † Retrieved May 2, 2008, from Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory. Website: http://www. nwrel. org/nwedu/11-03/forge/ Collier, V. P. & Thomas, W. P. (1999). â€Å"Making U. S. Schools Effective for English Language Learners, Part 3. † TESOL Matters, Vol. 9, No. 6. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from TESOL. Website: http://www. tesol. org/s_tesol/sec_document. asp? CID=196&DID=826 Epstein, J. (2004). â€Å"Meeting NCLB Requirements for Family Involvement. † Middle Ground, Vol. 4, No. 3. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from National Middle School Association. Website: http://www. nmsa. org/portals/0/pdf/publications/On_Target/family_involvement/family_9. pdf Mercuri, S. (2003). â€Å"Helping Middle and High School Age English Language Learners Achieve Academic Success. † NABE Journal of Research and Practice. Retrieved May 1, 2008. Website: http://www. uc. edu/njrp/pdfs/freeman. pdf Ortiz, A. (2001). â€Å"English Language Learners With Special Needs: Effective Instructional Strategies. † Retrieved May 2, 2008, from CAL. Website:

Compare Education for Leisure by Carol Ann Duffy with Armitages Hitcher Essay Example

Compare Education for Leisure by Carol Ann Duffy with Armitages Hitcher Essay Example Compare Education for Leisure by Carol Ann Duffy with Armitages Hitcher Paper Compare Education for Leisure by Carol Ann Duffy with Armitages Hitcher Paper Essay Topic: Carol ann Duffy Poems Literature Brownings poems My Last Duchess and The Laboratory both deal with jealous killers. I will examine the characters in both of these poems and note the similarities and differences between them. Duffys Education for Leisure and Armitages Hitcher both have people who are driven to kill because of boredom. I will also look closely at both of these poems and compare them. This makes and assumption that Fra Pandolf compliments called that spot of joy. He is irritated about the fact the she is pleases with everything that She had a heart how shall I say? too soon made glad, too easily impressed. He disapproves of how she ranked everything equally, Sir twas all one! My favour at her breast, the dropping of daylight in the west, the bough of cherries some officious fool broke in the orchard for her, the white mule she rode with around the terrace. You could not distinguish if she was pleased with one thing more than another. He expects her to be more grateful with his gift rather than natures gifts. He has a strong dislike for the men who flirted with her, he refers to one of them as an officious fool He is particularly annoyed that she was equally impressed with his status as with any other gift. Somehow I know not how as if she ranked my gift of a nine-hundred-year-old name with anybodys gift. He expects her to appreciate his nine-hundred-year-old name, as to him it is a more valuable gift compared to any other. This also emphasises his pride by the mentioning of his nine-hundred-year-old family name. The poem does not directly say he killed her although it is implied the he ordered her to be killed when he says, Then all smiles stopped together. This creates a sense of realism and informs the reader that thee is another person present at the scene. In this poem the killer is planning on killing Pauline, her lovers mistress. She knows that they expect her to cry and rush to church to pray for their sins; instead she is in the laboratory planning her revenge. She says how she would much rather watch the poison being produces rather that go to dance. She refers to the gum as g old indicating that it is like a treasure to her. This portrays her strong desire to kill. She exclaims how wonderful it would be to carry pure death around with her, meaning that she is excited with the prospects of having the power to end someones life. She is thrilled with the idea of Paulines limbs falling off. She had hoped that here stare would make Pauline fall and die, Both poems are similar as there is an element of jealousy within the killers. The duke of Ferrara is jealous that his wife is more attentive to other men, and the woman in The Laboratory is jealous of her lovers mistress. Both of the characters in the poems are driven to kill because of their jealousy, it is because of their partners they are led to commit a murder. The duke is angry that his wife does not value his nine-hundred-year-old family name, and then jealous woman is enraged that her husband is with another woman. However, in My Last Duchess the predation of murder is not apparent. We cannot recognize if the duke was responsible for her death, This grew; I gave commands; then all smiles stopped together. This doesnt directly tell the reader that he killed her although it is an implication that he ordered her to be killed. The woman in The Laboratory is preparing Paulines death. She is contemplating the methods and how she is to achieve this. The duke is extremely critical and complaints about his duchess in most of the poem whereas in The Laboratory it is mostly about the jealous woman arranging the murder. In Duffys Education for Leisure the murderer was driven to kill out of boredom. The killer is obviously egocentric as he/she says, I am going to play God. God has the ability to give a take a life. This indicates his intention of murder. He wants to play god and take someones life. I breathe out talent. His ego is emphasised by the repletion of the pronoun I. He/she has no motive; he/she wants to kill something, anything. Today I am going to kill something. Anything. Who or what he/she is going to kill is not important to him/her. The significance to him/her of the murder is that he/she has the ability to change the world. This also links back to the fact that he/she wants to take Gods role. After killing the fly and the god fish he is still bored. He/she did mention that they merely wanted to kill something. There is nothing left to kill. I dial the radio and tell the man he is talking to a superstar This confirms that he kills out of boredom. There is nothing left for him/her to destroy so he/she calls the radio to keep occupied. He/she does not need to kill when he/she is occupied, this is reinforced when he gets cut off from the radio. He cuts me off. I our bread-knife and go out. The killer does not pause to think, he/she immediately reaches for the knife to keep occupied. Perhaps if he/she was not cut off from the radio he/she might not have taken the knife with the intention of killing someone. However the killer had such a short attention span so he/she would have inevitably gone out to kill just as soon as he/she got bored or restless. Both of these poems are similar as they both are voices from the first person. The killers in both of the poems appear to kill out of boredom. They just select their victims and once they have committed the murder they feel no remorse. Neither of them have any particular hate for the victims, to them it does not matter who they kill. They have their own ways of killing. The man in Hitcher beats the victim, Once with the head- then six times with the krooklok. The killer gives the victims an instant death. All four killers have the power to kill, this is what motivates them to do the murder. The first two killers in My Last Duchess and The Laboratory kill because of their jealousy, while the murderers in Education for Leisure and hither commit murder out of boredom.

Chapter 2. of Ontological Argument essays

Chapter 2. of Ontological Argument essays First of all, to fully understand this perplexing argument, you must strongly believe the definition of God St. Anselm gives, which is as followed: God is something that which nothing greater can be conceived. Anselm's statement essentially means that it is not possible to think of being greater than God. Even if a person does not believe that God exists, as long as the person believes this definition of God, St. Anselm can prove the existence of God. The second idea you must believe, in order to fully understand the argument, is, it is greater to exist than not to exist. Next, St. Anselm describes two kinds of existence: existence in the mind, and existence in reality. Existence in reality is very easy to believe. If you can touch, see, smell, hear, or taste something, in reality it exists. Existence in the mind is harder to understand for some, because many people only believe what they see. St. Anselm gives a beautiful illustration of how he can prove that something can exist in the mind, and also in reality. He gives us the example of a painter, before the painter paints a picture, in his mind he has an understanding of what the painting will look like. After the painter has made the painting, the painter will believe it exists in his mind, for he had the vision of the painting before he performed it, and in reality, because now he can see the painting with his own eyes. Now, St .Anselm has proven two things: God is that which nothing greater can be conceived, and it is greater to exist than not exist. Given you already know that something can exist in the mind as well as in reality, you are now fully ready to understand St. Anselm's ontological argument. Which is as follows: God is by definition the greatest being possible. A being who fails to exist is less perfect than a being who exists. Therefore, God must exist, necessarily. If a being failed to exist, the being would be, that than whi ...

Whelps are Puppies

Whelps are Puppies Whelps are Puppies Whelps are Puppies By Maeve Maddox A lot of people use the word whelp informally in the sense of a raised place on the skin. On the left side [of my face] †¦ I had over 20 whelps (not bumps), and they were red and hot. Recently my 12 year old daughter has been breaking out in large whelps. I have red whelps on my arm my side and down my legs Both the OED and Merriam-Webster acknowledge the dialect use of whelp to mean welt, but seeing the nonstandard use in a formal context is jarring, as in this example from a news item written by a reporter for a state daily: [the husband] grabbed a broom and hit her on the back, leaving a large red whelp†¦ whelp: 1. The young of the dog. Now little used, superseded by puppy. welt: a raised area, ridge, or seam on the body surface (as from scarring or a blow) The word welt originated as a shoemaking term for a rolled over strip of leather. The meaning ridge on the skin from a wound is first recorded 1800. Whelp can also be used as a verb, either transitively or intransitively: Red Girl whelped a litter of seven puppies. Three of the fox hounds whelped on the same day. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Fly, Flew, (has) FlownFlied?Cannot or Can Not?Preposition Mistakes #3: Two Idioms

Formal Research-based Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Formal Research-based Proposal - Essay Example The National Cancer Institute provides updated information on the deathly costs of smoking: â€Å"People who smoke are up to six times more likely to suffer a heart attack than nonsmokers, and the risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked. Smoking also causes most cases of chronic lung disease.† Clara Phyllis, an employee in the organization, testified to the harms of smoking: â€Å"I’ve been smoking since I was 14 years old. Now, I have lung cancer. I wish I quit earlier.† Cigarette smoking is connected to the productivity of employees and the performance of the organization because it impacts their welfare. Smokers are three times likely to be absent or late because of their smoking-related illnesses, John Hopkins, a human resource staff, reports. Hopkins underscores the need for addressing smoking at work because he notes that people spend more time working than at other places. He advocates for a centralized effort in addressing this health and firm problem. Since smoking occurs at the workplace, it is important that the company implement a comprehensive workplace-smoking program to benefit the employees and the organization. This paper proposes a wide-ranging workplace-smoking program for the company. Background The organization needs a program that will address the needs of educating smoking employees about the consequences of their smoking and helping them to quit this bad habit. Alley Dimple, another HR staff, has recently collected information about smokers at work. She says: â€Å"Around 5 out of 10 people are smoking several times a day. Many of them are constantly sick with colds and other smoking-related diseases. They are more absent, or late, or in need of medical insurance because of smoking.† Her report shows the urgency of addressing smoking because it affects the health of the employees, while reducing their respective performance. Dimple notes that people need to be educated in why they have to stop smok ing and how they can do it: â€Å"Smokers need guidance. They need to be directed on their way towards recovery. This addiction can be stopped, but it is not something they can or we can do overnight.† She emphasizes the importance of education at the workplace to this effort. Smokers can change their smoking behaviors through education and other organization forms of support. HR staff Hopkins agrees with Dimple that firms need to support smoking cessation programs: â€Å"Smokers are not fully aware of the impacts of their smoking on themselves on others. At the same time, they need help quitting their bad habit. Getting help, however, is not something they do voluntarily easily.† He underscores the role of companies as networks of support. Healey and Zimmerman assert in their book that workplace smoking cessation programs are â€Å"more cost effective than many other clinical prevention services† (321). Adult smokers quit more rapidly when their workplaces are supportive of their efforts (Healey and Zimmerman 321). Apparently, a workplace systems approach can be used to understand the impact of organizations on employees. See figure 1, The Smoker in the Workplace. It explains the environmental factors that impact smoking cessation. Figure 1: The Smoker in the

Organizational behaviors and leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Organizational behaviors and leadership - Essay Example Advance scenarios played reflection 20 5.2 Appendix II leader self-sight reflection 22 1.0ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS AND LEADERSHIP 1.1Introduction Ability to not only influence but also inspire others to endeavor the leader towards leaders’ goal is referred to us leadership. On the contrary, it is argued that leadership is a process of an individual influencing others to attain a certain goal. Further, it is important to realize that leadership can be those qualities that viewers see but on the other hand, cannot describe. Leadership is manifested in the following ways, when there is a crisis and someone comes in to solve, or when someone influences others, or when some people tent to follows others. To crown it all, leadership usually comes in a visible state when there is someone who responds to something innovatively. Four main theories for generations erupt as follows: there are traits theories, contingency theories, behavioral theories and lastly transformational theories just to mention but a few. According to the article written by John Mark, it is evident that all of the four theories outlined above none of them is neither time bound nor mutually exclusive. However, according to experts, it is true that each of the generation above, it has to some extent benefit to the leadership debate although still debate continues up to date. There are different titles that are used to describe the division of modern management. Therefore, leadership can be discussed under the following categories, for instance charismatic leadership in the current ongoing debate on leadership that replaces transformational leadership. Secondly, there is an approach based on skills, self-management, and leadership that involves sharing just to mention but a few. Due to the above, it is pertinent to approach the above phenomena with the model of leadership that is classical. The following are some of the pertinent traits that a leader should have. It is, a leader should have a need for achievement, resolution, and courage, capacity to motivate individuals and should have trustworthiness character just to mention but a few. The above figure shows the New Reality of Leadership 1.2VIRTUE LEADERSHIP PRACTICE AND THEORY 1.2.1Origins of Leadership Theory According to the great man theory, it is evident that there are those people who are born naturally as a leader. The article goes further to site people like Alexander the great and Caesar Julius. In addition, people like Mahatma and bush George are related in the theory of Heroic conception of leadership (1880) as being leaders by natural phenomena. This is due to their high level of clear vision and ambitions to their destinations. The above is because they have a unique set of personal qualities, which propelled

Empress elizabeth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Empress elizabeth - Essay Example At her tender age, German had a significant influence on Russian economic and political development, which she did not welcome. As such, in 1941, she organized a coup that led to the collapse of the emperor of the time, and capture of the emperor family members, which was a major boost to the Russian economic development transition. By then, Russia was independent from its neighbouring countries based on its treaties. According to Madariaga, â€Å"the  conditions  laid  down  by  treaty  when  the  Baltic  provinces  were  first  annexed  by  Russia  in  1712,  Livonia  and  Estonia  were  allowed  to  maintain  their  own  form  of  administration,  social  structure,  religion  and  language† (8). Since her approach to governance was very different from that of the previous governance, many changes were necessary. As such, when she got to power, she obliterated the cabinet system of governance and replaced it with the senate system. To her, the senate system effectively addressed the needs of a majority of the population and thus was more appealing. Moreover, the previous system of governance had failed to realize good results. ... This is because it empowers the citizens with knowledge to make sound decision on various aspects of life, they encounter. In her part, Elizabeth played a major role in improving the literacy level in Russia. Due to her interest in education, she led to the establishment of the first Russian university. This ensured that people who held various positions had a chance to sharpen their skills and thus improve their efficiency in management. In addition, Elizabeth saw the establishment of the academy of art, which was an investment to the Russian economy, and was facilitated by her extensive interaction with foreign policy. The foreign policy was reinforced by Catherine, her successor. According to Madariaga, â€Å"The  basic  orientation  of  her  foreign  policy  was  laid  down  in  the  treaty  of  alliance  with  Austria  in  1726,  while  friendly  relations  were  maintained  with  Britain  and  Denmark† (11). The acade my of art enhanced art skills and thus provided an avenue for the creation of revenue, for both the citizens and government. This saw Russian became a power hub in the European region and thus gained recognition from other well-established nations of the time. According to Madariaga, â€Å"As  a  result  of  the  union  between  the  Empress  Elizabeth  of  Russia  and  the  Empress   Maria  Theresia  of  Austria  in  1746,  Russia  became  one  of  the  leading  powers  in  the  so ­called  diplomatic  revolution  of  1756,  the  change ­over  from  the  traditional  hostility  between  France  and  Austria  to  an  alliance  between  the  two  countries,  supported  by  Russia,  with  the  aim  of  defeating  and  partitioning  Prussia† (12) Significant economic and political success was realized during the

Gordon Adams, Organ Selling, and E Pluribus Unum Essay

Gordon Adams, Organ Selling, and E Pluribus Unum - Essay Example This essay presents a portfolio of my three projects, which addresses them in relation to subject matter knowledge, writing process knowledge, rhetorical knowledge, genre knowledge, discourse community knowledge, and meta-cognition. Ultimately, the essay will draw a detailed conclusion on semester growth and impact on other discourse communities as an author and as a responder. In writing the project, the summary of Gordon Adams essay, I sought to address a specific audience, which includes students from Arizona State University, the management of Arizona State University, career experts, academic professionals, and future law students. Ideally, the purpose of this project was to present the views and academic journey of the future law student as well as my opinion on his views. Furthermore, the constraints related to this project relate to lack of reference literature, a possibility of biased information, cultural influence, and use of second person narration. The stance of this pro ject depicts the mental or emotional position adopted with respect to Gordon Adams’ letter. The stance is that of hostility against the University’s Mathematics Requirement Arizona and that Arizona State University should grant Adams his request because he would not require algebra knowledge in his legal profession. The ethos of this project relates to the fact that Gordon Adams was an adult, a Justice Studies student of the university student, and a member of the Pawnee Tribe of Oklahoma who seeks to become a lawyer and representative of his tribe. The pathos of the project relates to the fact that he was the first person in his tribe to enter college, had a good academic record, and focused on his career path. The logos of the project relate to the idea that the legal profession does not require algebra knowledge. This project depicts metacognition where Adams uses higher thinking to realize that a waiver of the university’s mathematics requirements would help him realize his career objectives. Moreover, the genres used in this project include narrative writing, descriptive writing, and persuasive writing where I use logical appeals and emotions to win the audience’ support from my viewpoint. Notably, my project refers to the mathematics discourse community s seen in the specialized terminologies as algebra used in the project. In writing the project, I sought to address a specific audience, which includes kidney patients in America and their families, medical professionals, and my fellow students. Ideally, the purpose of this project was to present the views of the two authors, analyze their power of conviction, and present my opinion with regard to organ selling as a solution to kidney problems in America. The constraints in this project relate to the possibility of unsound and unhealthy decisions, lack of medical knowledge, and the presence of both positive and negative statements. The stance of this project depicts the legal, medical, and emotional position adopted with respect to organ selling. Joanna MacKay’s stance is in support of organ selling while David Holcberg’s stance is in support of human capacity to reason and make the right decisions. Most assuredly, my stance is that the legalization of organ selling can help many people but be building healthy lives would be more efficient in helping kidney patients.     

Organizations of Similar Size and Similar Structures Essay

Organizations of Similar Size and Similar Structures - Essay Example The structure provides pointers to the old and new members, to the outsiders, stakeholders, shareholders and other concerned or interested parties. This therefore means that regardless of which organization, as long as it has clear rules of governance and operation, then anyone can understand what it is all about. This paper is going to analyze in details and with examples how even though organizations may vary in size, their structures are still similar. Will organizations of similar size have similar structures? One of the reasons all organizations have similar structures no matter their size is because the main aim of all organizational structures in all the organizations is to facilitate the coordination of the employees and the management in achieving the organizational goals and even objectives. This is so because the structures put forward by organizations have similarity in characteristics since all the organizations have a goal they want to achieve even though these goals ma y be unique depending on what the mission of the organization is. The other reason is based on the existence of the different organization structure types. These include: functional structure, structure based on division, structure based on geographical location, division of the structure depending on the process, on the product and on the customer (Daft, Murphy and Willmott, 2010, p. 107). All these provide the reasons as to why when it comes to the structure of the organization, the size of the organization does not matter. All organizations need to separate their employees according to the skills each possess in order for them to have easier time consulting each other. This is for example true in that the organizations structure their employees into management, accounting and sales among others. The advantages of this type of structure are that the organizations are able to create efficiency, allow rapid decision making and also promote labor specialization within the organizatio n. This system has its own downside in that there is minimum career development as there is no room for interacting with employees from other careers and seeing them at work. The other is that the employees always have low morale as they have no challenges and competition since they are secluded in their own functional areas (Daft, Murphy and Willmott, 2010, p. 108). The other type of organizational structure that is enforced by all organizations is the division of the structure based on the products (and even services for those organizations dealing with services and not products). When structuring an organization based on its products, it means that all the strategies or decisions that will be made by the management and even the employees will be considering the products or services they are dealing with and which enable them achieve their goals. This concentration on the products or services being rendered does not have size distinction. For example small businesses (that are fam ily owned for example) have very few products they deal with but they fully concentrate on them in order to get their livelihood and provide for the family. The same happens for the large business (even those with several branches globally) where they concentrate on their products in order to gain profit (or for the non-profit organizations, in order to provide the services or be able to achieve their goal). The disadvantage of this type of organization is that it requires a more skilled management which may prove to be too

Gordon Adams, Organ Selling, and E Pluribus Unum Essay

Gordon Adams, Organ Selling, and E Pluribus Unum - Essay Example This essay presents a portfolio of my three projects, which addresses them in relation to subject matter knowledge, writing process knowledge, rhetorical knowledge, genre knowledge, discourse community knowledge, and meta-cognition. Ultimately, the essay will draw a detailed conclusion on semester growth and impact on other discourse communities as an author and as a responder. In writing the project, the summary of Gordon Adams essay, I sought to address a specific audience, which includes students from Arizona State University, the management of Arizona State University, career experts, academic professionals, and future law students. Ideally, the purpose of this project was to present the views and academic journey of the future law student as well as my opinion on his views. Furthermore, the constraints related to this project relate to lack of reference literature, a possibility of biased information, cultural influence, and use of second person narration. The stance of this pro ject depicts the mental or emotional position adopted with respect to Gordon Adams’ letter. The stance is that of hostility against the University’s Mathematics Requirement Arizona and that Arizona State University should grant Adams his request because he would not require algebra knowledge in his legal profession. The ethos of this project relates to the fact that Gordon Adams was an adult, a Justice Studies student of the university student, and a member of the Pawnee Tribe of Oklahoma who seeks to become a lawyer and representative of his tribe. The pathos of the project relates to the fact that he was the first person in his tribe to enter college, had a good academic record, and focused on his career path. The logos of the project relate to the idea that the legal profession does not require algebra knowledge. This project depicts metacognition where Adams uses higher thinking to realize that a waiver of the university’s mathematics requirements would help him realize his career objectives. Moreover, the genres used in this project include narrative writing, descriptive writing, and persuasive writing where I use logical appeals and emotions to win the audience’ support from my viewpoint. Notably, my project refers to the mathematics discourse community s seen in the specialized terminologies as algebra used in the project. In writing the project, I sought to address a specific audience, which includes kidney patients in America and their families, medical professionals, and my fellow students. Ideally, the purpose of this project was to present the views of the two authors, analyze their power of conviction, and present my opinion with regard to organ selling as a solution to kidney problems in America. The constraints in this project relate to the possibility of unsound and unhealthy decisions, lack of medical knowledge, and the presence of both positive and negative statements. The stance of this project depicts the legal, medical, and emotional position adopted with respect to organ selling. Joanna MacKay’s stance is in support of organ selling while David Holcberg’s stance is in support of human capacity to reason and make the right decisions. Most assuredly, my stance is that the legalization of organ selling can help many people but be building healthy lives would be more efficient in helping kidney patients.     

Child labor in India & Peru Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Child labor in India & Peru - Essay Example One of the key reasons as to why children are being used in the force labor is to support their families due to poverty and other conditions. Lack of schooling and inadequate financial resources, caste system and other socioeconomic conditions force parents to engage their children in child labor Peru is another country with one of the worst records in terms of the child labor, however, its government is believed to be working towards the implementation of strategy to overcome this. What is critical to note that children in Peru are working under the hazardous conditions and are being employed mostly in the agriculture and mining sector? Recent data suggests that approximately 68% of the children under the working age are being employed in various sectors with majority being employed in the agriculture and mining sector. In agriculture sector, children are mostly assumed to be working for growing rice, sugarcane, barley and other crops indicating that the children may be involved in the hard labor wherein they may be forced to work in areas where they may not be suitable for this type of hard labor. The herding of livestock is another area where children are being employed or forced to work. (Bekele and Boyden). It is however, critical to note that most of the forced child labor in the country is in gold mines as mining is the second largest area where children are employed as workers. It is critical to note, however, that the working conditions in the gold mines are relatively difficult and hard for children.

Educational Reform Essay Example for Free

Educational Reform Essay The educational institutes today are more focused on academics pay less attention to the physical attributes of the students. Physical educators along with academic teachers play an important part in promoting good health through regular physical activities. The number of obese children is increasing around the world. Research depicts that one in every ten; six years old child in England is obese. It is estimated that by the year 2020, 50% of the children would be obese. (BBC. co, 2004,) Lack of physical activity is said to be a cause for lowers academic achievements as well as overweight obese individuals. The reason being, when the fundamental dietary fitness needs are not met, the students show a decline in academics by giving a poor performance. A study in New York asserted that students’ intelligence academic performance was affected by the slightest of malnutrition signs. Schools play a major role in developing the young minds grooming them for a bright future, it must be kept in mind that physical education too is an imperative aspect of an individual’s life. Along with the P. E. courses the students should be advised about a proper diet intake. Children with poor nutritional habits, especially in the early years usually score low in vocabulary, reading calculation. (Athletics Campus Life, 2007) It is calculated that 40% of American population is inactive only 20% are slightly active. Mostly 50% of individuals drop out of exercise programs without even completing six months. The fact is that habits are developed at an early age. If the students are not facilitated with physical exercise courses at school, they will never form healthy workout habits. The schools these days are struggling to increase the student success rates, the children are over burdened with homework extra classes, leaving no time for extracurricular activities. The Buffalo City School District in New York has decided to incorporate a physical education department starting from the very initial stage; the aim is to achieve better student grades, attendance improved health. The students’ nutrition, active lifestyle accomplishments are all interrelated. If the child is happy healthy, he will perform well in every step he takes. Reducing 240 minutes per week in class time in favor of physical activity resulted in higher math scores. (Action for Healthy Kids, 2004) Students with the highest fitness scores scored the highest in their SAT exam. Being physically active also fortifies the student’s cognitive learning abilities lowers anxiety depression levels. It is derived from extensive research that the intake of oxygen during exercise benefits the neurons increases the mind power. Overweight children are susceptible to develop physical ailments like blood pressure diabetes in later life, not to mention the psychological effects by being teased in school causing a reclusive feeling, low self esteem presently depression. The Cambridge Public Schools, in Massachusetts, discovered that almost 14% of children from the age group 9-13 were overweight due to sedentary routines. These students were being targeted for jokes bullying. In order to facilitate the energy of hyperactive sedentary students, at the same time improving their physical social wellbeing; increased the activity programs at school targeting every student’s individual needs. This act may produce desirable results in the meantime confronting issues like obesity bullying. But focus should be kept on the physical wellbeing of students; therefore it’s a better option to minimize competing activities. Sports recreational competitions are a good way to realize one’s potential but may induce negative feelings in the losing opponent. Every school attempts to reach the highest target of excellence; this goals should set concern for the physical mental growth of the students thus, expanding time for the physical extracurricular activities for the children to indulge in. summer winter breaks can also be utilized for such programs. Participating in such activities help the children to discover their strengths uniqueness creating a feeling of achievement. They realize their interests then design their future goals accordingly. A number of funds are use for the betterment of academic departments in schools. Some steps should be taken for designing the physical education department in order to achieve a positive impact on the confidence, self esteem motivation of all the students. Each student should be dealt separately, so as to meet individual demands improve their over all personality. A policy taken up by the Michigan State Board of Education Policy in September 2003 on Quality Physical Education confirms that well planned physical activities play a pivotal role in the student learning capabilities. They learn to incorporate their skills abilities to the fullest in every field. They started a 150 minutes/week program for the elementary students 225 minutes/week. (Michigan State- Resource Guide) Some of the ideas that can be incorporated for the betterment of students overall capabilities are:†¢ All students should be entitled to join the physical activity groups. Each age group should be handled separately so they can enhance their confidence, identify their personal. The physical education curriculum should be based on a rationally researched content. The proper equipment tools should be provided by the school a professional trainer should be hired to train the students. The individual strengths abilities of students should be catered. Tests should be conducted to find out their endurance levels body strengths then target the problem areas for achieving a healthy active student body. †¢ Athletics are very effective in the over all growth of children.  Basic levels of athletics should be coached to every student advance courses available to those who are interested. †¢ The P. E. group can hold study groups workshops to help the students with their weakness provide them with proper nutritional guides. Several activities can be introduces involving interaction with friends families of the students. For example few schools arrange sport days, running tracks family fitness nights. After school activities can play a major role in inducing physical fitness in the students. The points to keep in mind are that †¢ the activities are convenient for the students †¢ the program contains enough intensity to make it challenging †¢ Variety of programs should be introduced so that the children are keen to partake in them. †¢ The weather conditions should be kept in mind indoor gyms recreational rooms should be set up in case of a rainy day. †¢ The parents teachers should be encouraged to get involved with the students so they can help the children to live up to the best of their abilities.

Trends in Legal Gambling: Literature Review

Trends in Legal Gambling: Literature Review Albers and Hubl (1997) analyze how the individuals in Germany spend their money in legal gambling and what are their consumption patterns towards it by using a probit technique. They conducted a survey in Germany, using a sample of 1,586 adults to estimate for all types of commercial gambling, the separate functions of participation, and in order to provide explanatory variables about the socioeconomic characteristics like education, gender, age, income, employment and family status, occupation, home ownership, and the relevance of the highest prizes in explaining the gambler’s participation or not in the various types of gambling including Draw lotteries, lotto, soccer toto pools, TV-lotteries, casinos, gaming machines and horse-race betting. Their results show that income has positive impact and major effect on the consumption pattern of commercial games. People with a higher income will tend to spend more on gambling. However, it has been found out that income has no effect on Lotto and that the demand for Soccer Toto falls as income rises. Worthington, et al. (2003) estimate the patterns of gambling in Australia by using a regression model. So they have collected data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Household Expenditure that has conducted a survey on 6892 households. They examine eight kinds of gambling spending ranging from casino games to lottery tickets and analyze causal factors like family composition, gender, income, age, geographic location, ethnicity and race. They reach the conclusion that lottery pattern in Australia is highly determined by household composition, ethnicity and age. Kearney (2005) finds that domestic lottery spending is funded exclusively by a fall in non-gambling costs when analyzing multiple sources of micro-level data. The analysis considered data from the 1982 to 1998 Interview Survey files of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Consumer Expenditure Survey (CEX). 21 states applied a national lottery during this time. The empirical analysis compares the change household expenditures among the households in states that implemented a lottery to those in states that do not. Introducing national lottery leads to an average fall of $46 (2.4%) per month in household’s non-gambling expenditures. This amount indicates that there is a fall in household expenses of $24 for each adult each month as compared to an average of the sale of lottery per month which is $18 for each lottery-state adult From the CEX Interview sample, the non-gambling expenses for the households of low income group are fell by 2.5% on average and 3.1% while the national l ottery offered instant games. Furthermore, the data prove that the level of expenses decreases considerably in households. The consumption of food eaten at home decreases by almost 2.8% and 5.8% for bills like rent and home mortgage. However, The information do not specify which lottery tickets has been purchased by which households, thus these average effects are not considered since a subsequent proportion of households are not involve in lottery gambling. Households that are engaged in lottery gambling and buy tickets of lottery will therefore experience a greater downfall in their non-gambling expenses. Lottery gambling can be considered as investment and entertainment at the same time. It is an investment as consumers are making choices over risky assets. Assuming that the entertainment and pecuniary components of the lottery gamble are separable, maximizing behavior predicts that consumer demand for lottery products should depend positively on its expected return, holding constant game characteristics. To evaluate whether this prediction holds Kearney (2005) investigates from 91 lotto games the weekly sales and characteristics data from 1992 and 1998. The study concludes that the estimated value of a gamble affects positively the level of sale, controlling for higher-order moments of the gamble and non-wealth creating characteristics. This finding is strong to alternative specifications, including controlling for unobserved product fixed effects. The data also revealed that buyers of lotto games react to creation of non-wealth creating and â€Å"entertaining† game features. These two outcomes together find out that gamblers are considered as being partially and possibly entirely rational and informed consumers. In accordance with the results, she states that gamblers derive an amusement equivalent to the cost of gambling (1-expected value) and that they are informed assessors of bets as long as they are making investments. These two outcomes together observe that gamblers are considered as being partially and possibly entirely rational and informed consumers. In accordance with the results, she states that gamblers derive an amusement equivalent to the cost of gambling (1-expected value) and that they are informed assessors of bets as long as they are making investments. Kearney (2005) analyses micro level proof on who plays the lottery from the National survey carried out in 1998 by the National Opinion Research Council (NORC) on gambling. The data disclose the following overall trends. First of all, lottery gambling extends through races, sexes, and income and education groups. Second, black respondents spend nearly twice as much on lottery tickets as do white or Hispanic respondents. The average reported expenditure among blacks is $200 per year, $476 among those who played the lottery last year. Those who have the highest average gambling expenses are the Black men. Thirdly The average dollar amount of money spend on lottery per annum is almost the same among the low, medium and high income groups which can be concluded that on average as compared to other households, the low-income ones’ spend a higher proportion of their total capital on lottery tickets. Clotfelter and Cook (1993) and Terrell (1994) make available the evidence which exist about the â€Å"gambler’s fallacy† between lottery players. â€Å"Gambler’s fallacy† means that people wrongly ascertain on the expectations of prize and their chance of winning. They believe that the first draw will adversely impact on the second draw. For example, if game has been won last year, the probability that the same game win for two consecutive years is low as the prize cannot be won twice for a short period of time. Thus, people would prefer to wait some times before playing. They collect information from the Maryland and New Jersey numbers games respectively and conclude that the sum of cash bet on a certain number clearly falls after the number is drawn and that after various months, it increasingly returns to its previous level. Grinols and Mustard (2004) analyze the link between casinos and the rate of crime by obtaining information about the level of crime in each country examined using the 7 FBI Index 1 offenses from 1977 to 1996 such as murder, robbery, burglary, larceny and aggravated assault. They analyze all the 3165 countries find in the United States and observe the opening of casinos and their impact in all these countries except Nevada. The types of casinos that they examine are tribal-owned, riverboat and land-based casinos. After analysis, they notice that after casinos have been set up in these countries, the rate of crimes has increased considerably. Their result show that after a casino has opened, the rate of crime is low and then increases considerably overtime. They estimate that where countries have opened casinos in 1996, 8% of crime rate is associated to casinos and in average adults spend at around $75 in casinos per annum. They also support the fact that boundary countries are also af fected by the level of crime rate which keeps increasing throughout the year, and propose that as compared to just relocating crime from one state to another, casinos increase aggregate crime.

Leashing Carnivore :: Argumentative persuasive Papers

Leashing Carnivore Just like a dog needs a leash, so does Carnivore. Carnivore is a software program that the FBI has developed to aid in the collection of evidence. After obtaining the proper court order, the FBI connects the Carnivore system to the subjects ISP. The system then scans and collects emails only relevant to the subject of the court order. The issue surrounding the Carnivore is rather or not the system enables to the FBI to violate personal privacy, and that the FBI cannot be trusted with such a system. Those opposed believe that Carnivore violates Fourth Amendment rights and that the FBI cannot be trusted not to abuse Carnivore. The FBI believes that Carnivore is well within the bounds of the law and that they can be trusted with Carnivore. I believe that the FBI should be able to use the Carnivore system, but only under strict guidelines and oversight. Some government control needs to exist on the Internet or else any one could get away with anything on the Internet. But at th e same time, the use of Carnivore needs to be controlled. The government definitely needs to have some control of the Internet. They need to have control in order to stop criminals from using the Internet. The FBI’s position on Carnivore is outlined in Donald M. Kerr’s congressional statement made before a Senate committee that was reviewing the FBI’s Carnivore system. In a congressional statement made by Donald Kerr who is the Assistant Director of the Laboratory Division for the FBI, Kerr explains terrorists, spies, hackers, and criminals used computers and the Internet with malicious intent. Another reason the FBI feels that they need Carnivore is to combat information warfare, fraud, and other various crimes on the Internet. I believe that Carnivore will help the FBI to prevent some of the crime on the Internet. There is no way for any government to completely prevent any crime on the Internet. I rather have some government control than a lawless Internet. At least this way, I would know who would be violati ng my privacy. Even though I believe that the FBI should be able to use Carnivore, I believe that there should be strict guidelines and oversight in the use of Carnivore. As it is right now, the only control over Carnivore that the public can trust is the integrity of the personnel who use it. Leashing Carnivore :: Argumentative persuasive Papers Leashing Carnivore Just like a dog needs a leash, so does Carnivore. Carnivore is a software program that the FBI has developed to aid in the collection of evidence. After obtaining the proper court order, the FBI connects the Carnivore system to the subjects ISP. The system then scans and collects emails only relevant to the subject of the court order. The issue surrounding the Carnivore is rather or not the system enables to the FBI to violate personal privacy, and that the FBI cannot be trusted with such a system. Those opposed believe that Carnivore violates Fourth Amendment rights and that the FBI cannot be trusted not to abuse Carnivore. The FBI believes that Carnivore is well within the bounds of the law and that they can be trusted with Carnivore. I believe that the FBI should be able to use the Carnivore system, but only under strict guidelines and oversight. Some government control needs to exist on the Internet or else any one could get away with anything on the Internet. But at th e same time, the use of Carnivore needs to be controlled. The government definitely needs to have some control of the Internet. They need to have control in order to stop criminals from using the Internet. The FBI’s position on Carnivore is outlined in Donald M. Kerr’s congressional statement made before a Senate committee that was reviewing the FBI’s Carnivore system. In a congressional statement made by Donald Kerr who is the Assistant Director of the Laboratory Division for the FBI, Kerr explains terrorists, spies, hackers, and criminals used computers and the Internet with malicious intent. Another reason the FBI feels that they need Carnivore is to combat information warfare, fraud, and other various crimes on the Internet. I believe that Carnivore will help the FBI to prevent some of the crime on the Internet. There is no way for any government to completely prevent any crime on the Internet. I rather have some government control than a lawless Internet. At least this way, I would know who would be violati ng my privacy. Even though I believe that the FBI should be able to use Carnivore, I believe that there should be strict guidelines and oversight in the use of Carnivore. As it is right now, the only control over Carnivore that the public can trust is the integrity of the personnel who use it.

Week Assessment

Leading is how a manager gets employees to get their work done to the best of their abilities, influence good work habits, and support the goals of employees for his or her journey either personally or within the organization. How these functions apply to managing others or even yourself in your current or previous job. This student employs the major functions of management in this students current position on a daily basis. Organization is a natural progress in maintaining a good work environment for this student.Others in management struggle with this function, but it is vital in maintaining a daily flow and progress of records for budgeting. Planning for future events, meetings, and time-off for employees is essential to maintaining office schedules and time management. This student maintains the physicians lily, weekly, and vacation schedules so that there are minimal problems with scheduling patient appointments and administrative meetings. Controlling is a new task that this st udent deals with in minimal measure.This student is the contact person in the office because the office is in transition with management in our office. This student updates the interim manager on the needs and issues in our office on a daily and weekly basis giving her the ability to manage her multiple offices without being onsite. Leading is a natural process for this student. In the past, this student has been the anger of our private practice but, with the transition to being a hospital owned office that role has evaporated to the established management team within the organization.The staff still comes to this student with problems and guidance this student is limited to what this student can do but try to help the staff as much as this student can. The most important role for a health care manager and leader in the diversified health care industry. In the opinion of this student, the most important role for a health care manager is leadership. Managers rely on their staffs to do the duties given to hem So that the manager can focus on Other tasks.It is imperative that staff take on tasks and duties that the manager needs the outcomes of the results for the reports the manager has to submit to higher management. Giving staff duties also helps create an integrated office where the staff feels involved with the management processes that have been unobtainable in past management styles. The most significant aspect related to health care management that you want to gain by taking this class. The most significant aspect related to health care management that this student want to gain from this class is how to use my style of management onto effective leadership.

Research Paper Topics Essay

It is confusing on, but this is often even an issue in America today. Let’s see the topic. The first thing is â€Å"illegal†. Ineligible is all you have to be compelled to need to frame your mind on the issue! These people square measure breaking the law. They sneak into this country illicitly and live here, most of them committing various crimes in addition, and take jobs and housing from the national folks that work and provide for themselves and their families’ argument. however if they will work blue-collar jobs and do labor, I’m positive they will muster the strength to elevate hands to fill out citizenship applications and devour a book to be told English and yank history. Anyone United Nations agency is throughout this country illicitly, unless they are unfinished citizenship approval, have to be compelled to be straightaway deported, no queries. If it is nice, people is not an issue, some may okay be, but they are BREAKING THE LAW. Recently there was a story among the news some lycee kid in town, Arizona United Nations agency went into school. He was a freshman, and had been management back once or twice. once his family was referred to as in to the Principal’s geographic point to dialogue the case it completely was discovered that they were here illicitly, and had been for 6 years. Immigration was referred to as and conjointly the family was deported. Good. But, presently we’ve migrant â€Å"rights† activists protestant regarding but it wasn’t honest to the rest of the family. square measure you kidding me? I mean, come on. OK, sure, the fogeys weren’t those caught with associate ineligible drug, but they were living here illicitly for 6 YEARS! On-top-of-which, it’s not like pot is also a drug that’s alone ineligible in town, it’s a FEDERAL LAW! One migrant â€Å"rights† activist (I place â€Å"rights† in quotations as a results of i don’t understand but one can have the rights of associate yank if they are not one) expose the sickly, stupid argument of fogeys weren’t, have to be compelled to the fogeys are still left? Entirely altogether totally different situation, but, YES! I see where this half-wit is strolling back from though, but still, he forgets that just because they’d not be breaking the pot law, they are still breaking the immigration one! last, ineligible immigrants square measure criminals. they have to be compelled to be treated intrinsically. it’s wisdom, people.

Human Resources Management Essay

Activity 1: Understand the knowledge, skills and behaviours required to be an effective HR practitioner 1.1 Explain the knowledge, skills and behaviours required to be effective in an identified HR role The CIPD created an HR Profession Map which provides a framework for self-assessment activity which forms the basis of Continuous Professional Development. The map is suitable for anyone operating anywhere in the world and it has been designed to support HR professionals at every stage of their career. It is a view on how the HR department functions and adds value to any organisation in all sectors no matter the shape or size. Through its simple and flexible structure the HRPM covers ten professional areas and eight behaviours and it is set out in four bands of competence. The HRPM was elaborated starting from two key professional areas: ‘Strategy, Insights & Solutions’ and ’Leading and managing the function.’ ‘Strategy, Insights & Solutions’ is at the core of HRPM because it grows actionable insights and solutions, prioritised against deep business awareness. The ‘Leading and managing the function’ professional area provides activ e, insight-led leadership. The eight professional behaviours that HR practitioners need in order to be effective and make a contribution to the success of the organisation are: decisive thinker, skilled influencer, personally credible, collaborative, driven to deliver, courage to challenge and being a role model. There are different mixtures of behaviours that link to each professional area, but there are no requirements as to what behaviours are required for a certain role; however the four bands of professional competence will position the different levels of performance. The staff at Band 1 level are involved in support with administration providing first line advice, effectively managing information. Mainly customer support focused, they follow agreed methodology and processes and are usually flexible to change when new ideas are agreed. They have knowledge about how to deliver high quality service, handle and resolve complaints and approach difficult customers. At this level of competence staff actively develops understanding of the HR profession both within, and beyond the organisation and work positive with other areas of HR to deliver objectives. They search for advice from team leaders and colleagues in order to achieve objectives  and supply the organisation with ideas, observations and suggestions for improvements when they become apparent. Staff at Band 1 plan and execute personal and professional development and are aware of the organisation structure, culture, values, operations and goals, its range of products and services and its customer base. The technical knowledge required for the role is met in professionals at this level of competence. They perceive the significance of how the component parts of HR combine together to create an overall service for the business objectives. They comprehend how to work with others in HR to prioritise tasks and manage time to reach objectives. Professionals at this level of competence are confident in: asking questions and seeking clarification, pursuing and reflecting feedback on personal performance and using it to modify practice and plan development (curiosity) using previous experience, standards, procedures and common sense to make decisions (decisive thinking) identifying the key points to communicate, selecting the right means for the message and audience (skilled influencer) demonstrating a consistently strong disposition for action and a desire to succeed (driven to deliver) making a positive contribution to the team, supporting and coaching colleagues through their day-to-day work( collaborative) taking satisfaction in being considered trustworthy and reliable by stakeholders and colleagues (personally credible) advocates personal, departmental and company values, processes and behaviour(positive role model) building relationships with colleagues in HR and with customers The staff at Band 2 level has a clear understanding of the evaluation process and has the ability to resolve satisfactory problems, where Band 3 acts as consultants, leading the professional area. They spend their time in understanding the functional and business realities providing solutions. At Band 4 level are leading the function or professional area and are development and performance coaches for the hard issues. They develop the organisation and human resources strategies. Activity 2: Know how to deliver timely and effective HR services to meet users’ needs 2.1 Identify the needs of those using HR services within an organisation and explain how conflicting needs are identified and prioritised In order to deliver excellent customer service there are needed a mixture of both knowledge and skills. There is need of knowledge of the products and services supplied to the external customers for those services and products, the systems and procedures within the organisation and the network of internal customers. The HR department is a service department to a range of customers. These can be external customers such as legal or government agencies, or within an organisation, the internal customers are Employees (current and potential), Line Managers, Senior Managers and Directors. Employees need professional HR support from real people partners and HR must be responsive and clear about what services it offers. HR has to be easy to contact and able to respond quickly and effectively, able to motivate its customers in order to increase their efficiency (bonuses and promotions), because the success of any organization depends on the employees potential. Employees are the main asset of any organisation. They require accurate and on time pay and benefits, to be provided the motivation to work and given the opportunity for training and development. Managers want an HR function which understands the workforce and can help manage the balance between employee and business needs. They need a proactive HR function which identifies issues before they happen and works with managers to address them. They would like HR to help them with their most challenging personnel issues including motivation, change and skills development. Line managers need to be supported by strong organisational values and they also need to feel confident that their own managers will treat them with respect. They need to be encouraged to reflect on their own behaviour and how they are perceived by those they manage and they need to understand their impact on motivation consequently on performance. The needs of employees and managers may sometimes be conflicting. For example, managers require tasks t o be completed as quickly as possible with very good results whereas employees want more time in order to complete certain tasks. An effective HR department must use knowledge, diplomacy and confidence in dealing with both groups to find the right balance. A way of resolving these conflicts is to focus on the overall needs of the organisation by ensuring that employees with the right skill sets are recruited. The skills and abilities of the employee must be aligned to their job role and HR has to honour development  and training to ensure productivity is reached and recognise people effectively with own selected ways of recognition. Despite the best efforts of HR departments there are some times when customers’ needs cannot be met. In this case fair reasons must be provided in a professional and sensitive way. 2.2 Identify different methods of communication and explain the advantages and disadvantages of each Communication plays a very important role in the development of an organisation. Every task in any role in a Human Resources department calls for good communication and is the simplest way to transfer information from one place to another. When a new employee is hired, good communication skills help pick the right person and make sure the person hired knows what the job involves. When training, coaching, or evaluating an employee superior communication will clarify the expectations from that person. When conflicts arise high standard communication skills resolve the issues without creating more. Good communication can help to: improve relationships and teamwork, boost performance and productivity solve problems effectively, create an environment conducive to openness for others. Oral communication is one of the most effective means of communication. Oral communication is very easy and simple. Also it avoids time wasting. Spoken or Verbal Communication is required in situations like: face-to-face meetings, telephone, team briefings, conferences and seminars. Advantages of verbal communication are: the opportunity for instant feedback to make sure the message was understood and the opportunity of making decisions without any delays the occasion to utilize nonverbal clues (tone, body language, inflection) the permission to make specific points in detail and elaborate on any that are unclear points are broken down and clearly understood the offer to the recipients of undivided attention making them feel more important is very useful when it comes to the transmission of very private and confidential information relatively cheaper means of communication it can be achieved without the need of travelling to communicate with people outside the organization is particularly good when one wants to persuade or motivate people into doing something. simplicity in identifying mistakes and correction of the ones already said However, there are several disadvantages and the main one is miscommunication. In other words, whatever the listener hears is often not what is meant. The simplest words, for example, have a different connotation for different people. The most important disadvantages of Verbal Communication are: there is no formal record of transaction which could later cause problems if the verbal message is passed on along the hierarchy, then some distortions can occur during the process. lengthy and distant communications cannot be effectively conveyed verbally receiver may be in receipt of the message in his own perception and thus misunderstand the intent of the message. spontaneous responses may not be carefully thought about. things like background noise could interfere during the transmission of information and render the information ineffective Using non-verbal communication (e.g. body language, gestures, eye contact and posture) is another efficient method of communication. Body language can transfer attitudes toward a speaker even before a word is said and can be used to show the speaker engagement in the conversation. Non-verbal communications include facial expressions, the tone and pitch of the voice, gestures which can give clues and additional information and meaning over and above spoken (verbal) communication. The advantages of non-verbal communication are: possibility to speak with a person who cannot hear it gives the chance to communicate in places where talking audibly is avoided ability to communicate from small distance without needing to raise the voice The disadvantages of non-verbal communication are: impossibility to carry out long conversations the variety from culture to culture particularities of messages cannot be discussed in detail that it is not a useful tool for public communication that it is less influential than verbal communication Written Communication includes: letters, e-mails, books, magazines, the Internet or via other media. Writing skills are an important part of communication. Good writing skills allow the possibility to communicate messages with clarity and ease to a far larger audience than through face-to-face or telephone conversations. The advantages of written communication are as follows: strengthens and clarifies a verbal message allows records to be kept for future reference more reliable than oral communication more precise than any other means of communication can be stored for future analysis can be easily distributed to recipients that are in different locations. Disadvantages associated with the written communication are that can take a considerable amount of time to produce inflexibility feedback is not immediate slows down the decision making process can be very expensive to produce and to disseminate 2.3 Describe how to build and maintain effective service delivery The HR professional ensures that the delivery of HR service and information to leaders, managers and staff within the organisation is accurate, efficient, timely and cost effective. Feedback and complaints are important as they give HR assistants the opportunity to improve themselves, their processes and services. When dealing with complaints in order to obtain a positive result the problem must be clarified and solution options must be identified. By solving customers problems, or fulfilling their needs loyalty and competitive advantage is being built. Activity 3: Be able to reflect on own practice and development needs and maintain a plan for personal development 3.1 Explain the concept and importance of CPD Continuous Professional Development (CPD) is a combination of approaches, ideas and techniques that will help me to manage my own learning and growth. The CIPD CPD principles are as follows: development is continuous in the sense that members actively seek to improve their skills, knowledge and performance members show an active interest in the internal and external environment and in the continuous development and improvement of self and others at both organisation and individual levels development is owned and managed by the individual, learning from all experiences, combined with reflection as a key activity 3.2 Undertake a self-assessment of capabilities as an HR or L&D practitioner and identify development needs Studying CPD is important as it gives me a number of benefits and helps me to build my own confidence and credibility with employers CPD enables me to: take steps to achieve my goals by focussing on my training and development be more productive and efficient highlight my skills and achievements within a framework that is recognised by employers. 3.3 Evaluate options to meet identified development needs Advantages of distance learning are: does not require commuting can study from anywhere while pursuing the education of my choice gain extra knowledge self-paced learning Disadvantages of distance learning are: costly and complex technology requires advance planning and time management to get make sure assignments are done on time the hidden costs does not offer immediate feedback distance learning degrees may not be acknowledged by all employers distance learning does not give the opportunity to work on oral communication skills do not get the practice of verbal interaction with professors and other students social isolation Overall saves you money and time as you can schedule learning around other aspects of your personal and professional life. You do not have to live in the same city or the same country to attend the learning institution of your choice. You can study wherever you have access to a computer and Internet connection. You can transfer the computer and Internet skills that you will gain in the process of your distance learning experience to other facets of your life. However social isolation is lessened with advances and use of communication technologies such as bulletin boards, threaded discussions, social networking, chats, email and video conferencing.